Abstract
These coaching models provide a structured approach to facilitate meaningful conversations and one-to-ones, problem-solving, root-cause reports, end-of-year and mid-year write-ups, and skill development, ultimately supporting individuals in achieving their goals and maximizing their potential.
Reflection
Whilst these models are primarily focused on succinctly reflecting on and explaining actions that occurred in the past, they can all be neatly extended to analyze the results and propose and hypothesize alternative actions with an expectation of alternative (better) results.
Tip
In a coaching situation the onus is on the coachee to define the growth / alternative opportunities when reflecting on a situation, the coach may help them get there but should not do all the work.
STAR
Situation, Task, Action, Result
This model is commonly used for behavioral interviews and coaching sessions.
- The STAR technique helps individuals provide structured responses by outlining the situation, task, action taken, and the result achieved in a given scenario.
PAR
Problem, Action, Result
This model focuses on addressing problems or challenges, taking action, and achieving results.
- PAR helps individuals identify and analyze problems, develop action plans, and evaluate outcomes to drive continuous improvement.
CAR
Challenge, Action, Result
Similar to STAR but places emphasis on the challenge in which actions were taken.
- CAR provides a broader perspective by considering the context around the challenges faced, helping to better understand the decision-making process and outcomes.
SOAR
Situation, Obstacle, Action, Result
The SOAR model is similar to the STAR technique helping individuals comprehensively and concisely reflect on past experiences.
- This model, like CAR places particular emphasis on the Obstacles or challenges faced and actions taken in that context to arrive at a result.
DIES
Dramatize, Indicate, Experiences, Summarize
A more entertaining “press release” version of STAR that focuses on telling an engaging story.
- This model focuses on dramatizing the situation, indicate the alternative approaches that could have been, elucidating the experience you had, and summarizing your impact. (Also called DIGS)
Growth
These models are focused on reflection with a view to growth and developing concrete action plans that lead to a way forward or improvements.
STARI
Situation, Task, Action, Result, Improvement
An extension of the STAR model, incorporating a focus on continuous improvement.
- STARI encourages individuals to not only reflect on past experiences but also to identify areas for improvement and implement changes to enhance future performance.
STARL
Situation, Task, Action, Result, Learning
An extension of the STAR model, incorporating a learning component.
- STARL encourages individuals to reflect on the lessons learned from their experiences, fostering personal and professional growth.
GROW
Goal, Reality, Options, Way Forward
A coaching model that is particularly effective for goal-setting, problem-solving, and performance discussions.
- The GROW model provides a structured framework for coaching conversations, helping individuals to clarify their goals, assess their current situation, explore potential options, and develop actionable plans for achieving their objectives.